why was vimy ridge key to the german defense system?

why was it important
and how would did it effect the germans?

The Battle of Vimy Ridge was a military engagement fought as part of the Battle of Arras, in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France, during the First World War. The main combatants were the Canadian Corps against three divisions of the German Sixth Army. The battle was part of the opening phase of the British lead Battle of Arras, a diversionary attack for the French Nivelle Offensive, and took place from 9 April – 12 April, 1917.

The objective of the Canadian Corps was to take control of the German-held high ground along an escarpment at the northernmost end of the Arras offensive. This would ensure that the southern flank could advance without suffering German enfilade fire. Supported by a creeping barrage, the Canadian Corps captured most of the ridge during the first day of the attack. The town of Thélus and, after overcoming considerable German resistance, the crest of the ridge fell during the second day. The final objective, a fortified knoll (the Pimple) outside the town of Givenchy-en-Gohelle, fell to the Canadian Corps on 12 April after which point the German forces retreated to the Oppy–Méricourt line.

The success of the Canadian Corps in capturing the ridge is attributed to a mixture of technical and tactical innovation, meticulous planning, powerful artillery support, extensive training as well as the failure of the German Sixth Army to properly apply the German defensive doctrine. The battle was the first occasion where all four divisions of the Canadian Expeditionary Force participated in an battle together. The battle thus became a Canadian nationalistic symbol of achievement and sacrifice. A 250-acre (150 ha) portion of the former battleground now serves as a preserved memorial park and site of the Canadian National Vimy Memorial

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